U.S. Naval Reserve, 1943-1946, 1950-1952; lieutenant junior grade, 1943-1946; lieutenant, 1950-1952
Private practice, St. Louis, Missouri, 1949-1950, 1952-1959, 1961-1970
U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri, 1960-1961
Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1978-1987
Director, Central Intelligence Agency, 1987-1991
Private practice, Washington, D.C., 1991-