Private practice, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1843-1863
Judge, Kent County [Michigan] Probate Court, 1848-1852
State senator, Michigan, 1861-1863
Nominated to U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan, February 26, 1863; no Senate vote
Nominated to U.S. Circuit Courts for the Sixth Circuit, December 17, 1869; confirmed, December 22, 1869; declined appointment