TITLE 16 - US CODE - CHAPTER 85 - MARINE TURTLE CONSERVATION
16 USC 6601 - Findings and purposes
(a) Findings
The Congress finds that
The Congress finds that
(1) marine turtle populations have declined to the point that the long-term survival of the loggerhead, green, hawksbill, Kemps ridley, olive ridley, and leatherback turtle in the wild is in serious jeopardy;
(2) 6 of the 7 recognized species of marine turtles are listed as threatened or endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), and all 7 species have been included in Appendix I of CITES;
(3) because marine turtles are long-lived, late-maturing, and highly migratory, marine turtles are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of human exploitation and habitat loss;
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(4) illegal international trade seriously threatens wild populations of some marine turtle species, particularly the hawksbill turtle;
(5) the challenges facing marine turtles are immense, and the resources available have not been sufficient to cope with the continued loss of nesting habitats caused by human activities and the consequent diminution of marine turtle populations;
(6) because marine turtles are flagship species for the ecosystems in which marine turtles are found, sustaining healthy populations of marine turtles provides benefits to many other species of wildlife, including many other threatened or endangered species;
(7) marine turtles are important components of the ecosystems that they inhabit, and studies of wild populations of marine turtles have provided important biological insights;
(8) changes in marine turtle populations are most reliably indicated by changes in the numbers of nests and nesting females; and
(9) the reduction, removal, or other effective addressing of the threats to the long-term viability of populations of marine turtles will require the joint commitment and effort of
(A) countries that have within their boundaries marine turtle nesting habitats; and
(B) persons with expertise in the conservation of marine turtles.
(b) Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to assist in the conservation of marine turtles and the nesting habitats of marine turtles in foreign countries by supporting and providing financial resources for projects to conserve the nesting habitats, conserve marine turtles in those habitats, and address other threats to the survival of marine turtles.
The purpose of this chapter is to assist in the conservation of marine turtles and the nesting habitats of marine turtles in foreign countries by supporting and providing financial resources for projects to conserve the nesting habitats, conserve marine turtles in those habitats, and address other threats to the survival of marine turtles.
16 USC 6602 - Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) CITES
The term CITES means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249).
The term CITES means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249).
(2) Conservation
The term conservation means the use of all methods and procedures necessary to protect nesting habitats of marine turtles in foreign countries and of marine turtles in those habitats, including
The term conservation means the use of all methods and procedures necessary to protect nesting habitats of marine turtles in foreign countries and of marine turtles in those habitats, including
(A) protection, restoration, and management of nesting habitats;
(B) onsite research and monitoring of nesting populations, nesting habitats, annual reproduction, and species population trends;
(C) assistance in the development, implementation, and improvement of national and regional management plans for nesting habitat ranges;
(D) enforcement and implementation of CITES and laws of foreign countries to
(i) protect and manage nesting populations and nesting habitats; and
(ii) prevent illegal trade of marine turtles;
(E) training of local law enforcement officials in the interdiction and prevention of
(i) the illegal killing of marine turtles on nesting habitat; and
(ii) illegal trade in marine turtles;
(F) initiatives to resolve conflicts between humans and marine turtles over habitat used by marine turtles for nesting;
(G) community outreach and education; and
(H) strengthening of the ability of local communities to implement nesting population and nesting habitat conservation programs.
(3) Fund
The term Fund means the Marine Turtle Conservation Fund established by section 6604 of this title.
The term Fund means the Marine Turtle Conservation Fund established by section 6604 of this title.
(4) Marine turtle
(A) In general
The term marine turtle means any member of the family Cheloniidae or Dermochelyidae.
The term marine turtle means any member of the family Cheloniidae or Dermochelyidae.
(B) Inclusions
The term marine turtle includes
The term marine turtle includes
(i) any part, product, egg, or offspring of a turtle described in subparagraph (A); and
(ii) a carcass of such a turtle.
(5) Multinational Species Conservation Fund
The term Multinational Species Conservation Fund means the fund established under the heading multinational species conservation fund in title I of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999 (16 U.S.C. 4246).
The term Multinational Species Conservation Fund means the fund established under the heading multinational species conservation fund in title I of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999 (16 U.S.C. 4246).
(6) Secretary
The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior.
The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior.
16 USC 6603 - Marine turtle conservation assistance
(a) In general
Subject to the availability of funds and in consultation with other Federal officials, the Secretary shall use amounts in the Fund to provide financial assistance for projects for the conservation of marine turtles for which project proposals are approved by the Secretary in accordance with this section.
Subject to the availability of funds and in consultation with other Federal officials, the Secretary shall use amounts in the Fund to provide financial assistance for projects for the conservation of marine turtles for which project proposals are approved by the Secretary in accordance with this section.
(b) Project proposals
(1) Eligible applicants
A proposal for a project for the conservation of marine turtles may be submitted to the Secretary by
A proposal for a project for the conservation of marine turtles may be submitted to the Secretary by
(A) any wildlife management authority of a foreign country that has within its boundaries marine turtle nesting habitat if the activities of the authority directly or indirectly affect marine turtle conservation; or
(B) any other person or group with the demonstrated expertise required for the conservation of marine turtles.
(2) Required elements
A project proposal shall include
A project proposal shall include
(A) a statement of the purposes of the project;
(B) the name of the individual with overall responsibility for the project;
(C) a description of the qualifications of the individuals that will conduct the project;
(D) a description of
(i) methods for project implementation and outcome assessment;
(ii) staff and community management for the project; and
(iii) the logistics of the project;
(E) an estimate of the funds and time required to complete the project;
(F) evidence of support for the project by appropriate governmental entities of the countries in which the project will be conducted, if the Secretary determines that such support is required for the success of the project;
(G) information regarding the source and amount of matching funding available for the project; and
(H) any other information that the Secretary considers to be necessary for evaluating the eligibility of the project for funding under this chapter.
(c) Project review and approval
(1) In general
The Secretary shall
The Secretary shall
(A) not later than 30 days after receiving a project proposal, provide a copy of the proposal to other Federal officials, as appropriate; and
(B) review each project proposal in a timely manner to determine whether the proposal meets the criteria specified in subsection (d).
(2) Consultation; approval or disapproval
Not later than 180 days after receiving a project proposal, and subject to the availability of funds, the Secretary, after consulting with other Federal officials, as appropriate, shall
Not later than 180 days after receiving a project proposal, and subject to the availability of funds, the Secretary, after consulting with other Federal officials, as appropriate, shall
(A) consult on the proposal with the government of each country in which the project is to be conducted;
(B) after taking into consideration any comments resulting from the consultation, approve or disapprove the project proposal; and
(C) provide written notification of the approval or disapproval to the person that submitted the project proposal, other Federal officials, and each country described in subparagraph (A).
(d) Criteria for approval
The Secretary may approve a project proposal under this section if the project will help recover and sustain viable populations of marine turtles in the wild by assisting efforts in foreign countries to implement marine turtle conservation programs.
The Secretary may approve a project proposal under this section if the project will help recover and sustain viable populations of marine turtles in the wild by assisting efforts in foreign countries to implement marine turtle conservation programs.
(e) Project sustainability
To the maximum extent practicable, in determining whether to approve project proposals under this section, the Secretary shall give preference to conservation projects that are designed to ensure effective, long-term conservation of marine turtles and their nesting habitats.
To the maximum extent practicable, in determining whether to approve project proposals under this section, the Secretary shall give preference to conservation projects that are designed to ensure effective, long-term conservation of marine turtles and their nesting habitats.
(f) Matching funds
In determining whether to approve project proposals under this section, the Secretary shall give preference to projects for which matching funds are available.
In determining whether to approve project proposals under this section, the Secretary shall give preference to projects for which matching funds are available.
(g) Project reporting
(1) In general
Each person that receives assistance under this section for a project shall submit to the Secretary periodic reports (at such intervals as the Secretary may require) that include all information that the Secretary, after consultation with other government officials, determines is necessary to evaluate the progress and success of the project for the purposes of ensuring positive results, assessing problems, and fostering improvements.
Each person that receives assistance under this section for a project shall submit to the Secretary periodic reports (at such intervals as the Secretary may require) that include all information that the Secretary, after consultation with other government officials, determines is necessary to evaluate the progress and success of the project for the purposes of ensuring positive results, assessing problems, and fostering improvements.
(2) Availability to the public
Reports under paragraph (1), and any other documents relating to projects for which financial assistance is provided under this chapter, shall be made available to the public.
Reports under paragraph (1), and any other documents relating to projects for which financial assistance is provided under this chapter, shall be made available to the public.
16 USC 6604 - Marine Turtle Conservation Fund
(a) Establishment
There is established in the Multinational Species Conservation Fund a separate account to be known as the Marine Turtle Conservation Fund, consisting of
There is established in the Multinational Species Conservation Fund a separate account to be known as the Marine Turtle Conservation Fund, consisting of
(1) amounts transferred to the Secretary of the Treasury for deposit into the Fund under subsection (e);
(2) amounts appropriated to the Fund under section 6605 of this title; and
(3) any interest earned on investment of amounts in the Fund under subsection (c).
(b) Expenditures from Fund
(1) In general
Subject to paragraph (2), on request by the Secretary, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer from the Fund to the Secretary, without further appropriation, such amounts as the Secretary determines are necessary to carry out section 6603 of this title.
Subject to paragraph (2), on request by the Secretary, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer from the Fund to the Secretary, without further appropriation, such amounts as the Secretary determines are necessary to carry out section 6603 of this title.
(2) Administrative expenses
Of the amounts in the account available for each fiscal year, the Secretary may expend not more than 3 percent, or up to $80,000, whichever is greater, to pay the administrative expenses necessary to carry out this chapter.
Of the amounts in the account available for each fiscal year, the Secretary may expend not more than 3 percent, or up to $80,000, whichever is greater, to pay the administrative expenses necessary to carry out this chapter.
(c) Investment of amounts
(1) In general
The Secretary of the Treasury shall invest such portion of the Fund as is not, in the judgment of the Secretary of the Treasury, required to meet current withdrawals. Investments may be made only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States.
The Secretary of the Treasury shall invest such portion of the Fund as is not, in the judgment of the Secretary of the Treasury, required to meet current withdrawals. Investments may be made only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States.
(2) Acquisition of obligations
For the purpose of investments under paragraph (1), obligations may be acquired
For the purpose of investments under paragraph (1), obligations may be acquired
(A) on original issue at the issue price; or
(B) by purchase of outstanding obligations at the market price.
(3) Sale of obligations
Any obligation acquired by the Fund may be sold by the Secretary of the Treasury at the market price.
Any obligation acquired by the Fund may be sold by the Secretary of the Treasury at the market price.
(4) Credits to Fund
The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Fund.
The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Fund.
(d) Transfers of amounts
(1) In general
The amounts required to be transferred to the Fund under this section shall be transferred at least monthly from the general fund of the Treasury to the Fund on the basis of estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury.
The amounts required to be transferred to the Fund under this section shall be transferred at least monthly from the general fund of the Treasury to the Fund on the basis of estimates made by the Secretary of the Treasury.
(2) Adjustments
Proper adjustment shall be made in amounts subsequently transferred to the extent prior estimates were in excess of or less than the amounts required to be transferred.
Proper adjustment shall be made in amounts subsequently transferred to the extent prior estimates were in excess of or less than the amounts required to be transferred.
16 USC 6605 - Advisory group
(a) In general
To assist in carrying out this chapter, the Secretary may convene an advisory group consisting of individuals representing public and private organizations actively involved in the conservation of marine turtles.
To assist in carrying out this chapter, the Secretary may convene an advisory group consisting of individuals representing public and private organizations actively involved in the conservation of marine turtles.
(b) Public participation
(1) Meetings
The Advisory Group shall
The Advisory Group shall
(A) ensure that each meeting of the advisory group is open to the public; and
(B) provide, at each meeting, an opportunity for interested persons to present oral or written statements concerning items on the agenda.
(2) Notice
The Secretary shall provide to the public timely notice of each meeting of the advisory group.
The Secretary shall provide to the public timely notice of each meeting of the advisory group.
(3) Minutes
Minutes of each meeting of the advisory group shall be kept by the Secretary and shall be made available to the public.
Minutes of each meeting of the advisory group shall be kept by the Secretary and shall be made available to the public.
(c) Exemption from Federal Advisory Committee Act
The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the advisory group.
The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the advisory group.
16 USC 6606 - Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Fund $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2005 through 2009.
16 USC 6607 - Report to Congress
Not later than October 1, 2005, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report on the results and effectiveness of the program carried out under this chapter, including recommendations concerning how this chapter might be improved and whether the Fund should be continued in the future.