DONAHOWER V. UNITED STATES.
545
DONAHOWER v. UNITED STATES. (CircuIt Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit. No. 965. February 14, 1898.)
L
MARSHAL-UNNECESSARY FEES AND CHARGES.
§ 1042.
A marshal is not entitled to mileage even for distances actually traveled, or charges for actual expenses paid by a deputy marshal for his meals at his place of abode, or for the attendance of two deputy marshals In the same case before a circuit court commissioner upon the examination for the discharge of a prisoner as a poor convict, unless under the circumstances the charges were necessarily Incurred, In which case, In an action to recover the same, the fact should be made to appear. Act March 3, 1887; Rev. St. Nor may he recover for service of a certificate of sentence and order modifying the sentence, issued by the district court, upon a person who was In court when the sentence was pronounced and when It was modified.
2.
SAME.
In Error to the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Minnesota. Eugene G. Hay, for plaintiff in error. Edward C. Stringer, for the United States. Before SANBORN and THAYER, Circuit Judges, and RINER, District Judge. RINER, District Judge. This is an action brought by Jeremiah O. Donahower under the act of March 3, 1887, to recover certain fees earned and for disbursements expended by him as marshal for the district of Minnesota, from the 15th day of May, 1890, to the 16th day of April, 1894. Certain items of his claim were disallowed by the circuit court in its findings. The findings complained of are de· scribed in the record as findings "Q," "R," "T," "4," and "12." The first assignment of errors covers finding Q of the findings of the circuit court, and relates to a charge for travel from 1St. Paul to on a witness at Duluth, at which Duluth, Minn., to serve a place the plaintiff had a deputy acting as bailiff and crier of the court, then in session. It is urged on behalf of the plaintiff in error that this item should have been allowed, because this deputy marshal, acting as court crier and bailiff, could not leave those duties to serve a snbpcena, and it might have been many days before he could have found time to serve it had the marshal sent it to him. The statute allows mileage, not for each mile actually traveled, but for each mile actually and necessarily traveled. in serving the process of the court. If special circumstances existed making it necessary for the marshal to make the travel in this case, that fact should have been made to appear by the evidence. The court finds that the travel was actually made, but that it was unnecessary. In the absence of any showing of necessity, we think the finding of the cir· cuitcourt was right, and that the item, amounting to $9.62, charged by the plaintiff for this service, was properly disallowed. The second assignment of errors covers finding R of the findings of tile circuit court, and relates to a claim for serving a certificate 85 F.-35
of sentence and order modifying sentence, issued by ,the United States district court for the district of Minnesotaj for contempt of was procourt, ona person who was in .court wilen the nounced and when the sentence was modified. This assignment need not be discussed. There was nti basis for the charge, and no law to susta in it. The service was not only unnecessary, but was wholly unauthorized. The third assignment of errors covers finding T of the findings of the .Circuit court, and relates to a charge for actual expenses paid by a deputy marshal for his meals at the place of his abode while in pursuit ofaprisoner with a warrant of arrest. We think this item waspropei'ly disallowed. The statute does not contemplate the payment of the living expenses of the deputy at his own home. Being at the place.of his abode, if he did not take his meals at his home, the reason for not doing so, and the necessity for this extra charge, should have been shown. The fourth assignment of errors .covers finding 4: of the findings of the circuit court, and relates to items disallowed for the attendance, each for one day, of two deputy marshals in the same case before a circuit court commissioner upon an examination for the discharge of a prisoner asa poor convict. Under section 1042 of the Revised Statutes, in the' absence ofashowing of special circumstances making the attendance of two deputies necessary upon this ap: plication, we think the cirouit court properly disallowed them. If the attendance of two deputies was the expenditure was unauthorized. If this attendance was necessary, the court had a right to be informed of the circumstances which made it so. The fifth assignment of errors covers finding 12 of the findings of the circuit conrt, and relates to disallowances for mileage traveled by a deputy rn.al;shal in going to serve a subprena issued by a circuit court commissioner at Orookston, Minn., on a witness residing at St. Paul, Minn., St. Paul being the place of residence of the United States marshal, and there being a regular daily communication by United States mail between the city of Orookston and the city of St. Paul. The court found that the travel was actually made, but that it was unnecessary. In the absence of a showing of necessity, we think the action of the circuit court was right. The sixth assignment of errors relates also to finding 12 of the findings of the circuit court, and complains of certain disallowances made by the circuit court for mileage in going to serve process in behalf of the United States, the process being issued at St. Paul, and the distance charged for was actually traveled by the deputy marshal; but in each instance there was a deputy United States marshal under the plaintiff, residing at a place nearer the place of service of process than the city of St. Paul, where the process was issued, and between which places and the city of St. Paul there was a regular daily communication by United States mail. It is urged that the circuit court erred in disallowing this item, because the deputies mentioned in the findings were frequently away from home at some point in that portion of the state which is "practically a wilderness," in pursuit of criminals; and, if. the marshal had mailed the process
UNITED STATES V. DONAHOWER.
to them"it wouldbave caused long delay, and in many Instances defeated the ends of justice. "'nile all this may be true, there is nothing in the record in the shape of findings or evidence to support it. If special circumstances e:xisted making this travel necessary, they should have been called to the attention of the circuit court. Finding no error in the rulings of the circuit court, the judgment will be affirmed. UNITED STATES v. DONAHOWER. (Circuit Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit. No. 964. February 14, 1898.)
1.
MARSRAL-FEES-TRANSPORTING PRISONER.
Unless a certified copy of the complaint upon which a warrant Is issued is annexed to the warrant, no magistrate other than the one who issued the warrant has. jurisdiction to hear the case under the act of March 3, 1893.; and the marshal is therefore entitled to his fees for transporting the prisoner from the place of arrest to the office of such magistrate, though he is not the one nearest to the place of arrest.
SAME-SERVICE oll' SUBP<ENAS AND WARItAN'rs.
The marshal Is entitled to charge for service of subpcenas and warrants dUly issued and regularly placed In his hands for service, and served, although the persons served were at the time prisoners awaiting trial or serving sentence, and also for service of bench warrants upon persontl then in his own custody. The power to direct the marshal to furnish meals for jurors at the expense of the government while they are deliberating upon their verdicts. in charge of an officer of the court, is one of the Inherent incidental powers of the circuit arid district courts, which they· may exercise in any case before them, whether the United States are or are not parties, and the disbursements therefor made by the marshal pursuant to the exercise of this power by the courts, are expenses necessarily incurred for some of the "other contingencies" referred to in the act of 1853 regulating fees and costs. 10 Stat. p. 165, c. 80; Rev. St. § 829.
B.
SAME-MEALS OF JUROHS.
4.
SAME-BRINGING PRISONER '1'0 COURT.
Rev. 'St. § 1030, prOViding that no fees shall be charged by the. clerk or marshal for bringing Into court any prisoner or person In custOdy, applies only to the case of prisoners confined at the place where the court is in session, and not to those In custody at a place remote therefrom.
In·Error to the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Minnesota. Edward C. Stringer, for the United States. Eugene G. Hay, for' defendant III error. Before SANBORN and THAYER, Circuit Judges, and RINER, :Qistrkt Judge. ' RINER, District Judge. This is an brought by Jeremiah C. to recover $2,000, fees earned and disbursements made by marshal of the United States fQr ,the district of Minn,esota, tJ,'?m ,t4,eI5th QfMay, 1890, to the day April, 1894, which were included in his accountl:l presented to the dil'ltrict court, approvec;1