678
79 FEDERAL REPORTER.
ROBINSON v. HONSTAIN et a1. (CIrcuit Court, D. Minnesota, Fourth Division. April 8, 189'1.) No. 363. SECURITY FOR COSTS.
Rule No. 77 of the circuit court for the district of Minnesota, providing tha,t in every case "the plaintiff shall give security f'll' costs," requires merely the giving of security for the clerk's costs, and not security for the benefit of defendants.
This is a suit in equity brought by Dighton A. Robinson against George T. Honstain and Arthur E. Honstain. Upon motion to require complainant to give security for costs for the benefit of defendants. A. C. Paul, for plaintiff. P. H. Gunckel, for defendants. LOCHREN, District Judge. The defendants in this case move for an order requiring the plaintiff to give security for costs for the benefit of the defendants, and base their motion upon rule No. 77 of this court, recently formulated, as follows: "Ordered: That rules numbered 72 and 77 be and the same hereby are repealed and abrogated, and that the folloWing be and the same hereby is adopted as a rule of the United States circuit court for the district of Minnesota, numbered 77, to wit: "Ordered: That before any case, either at law or equity, is commenced in this court, or before any papers in any case removed by the plaintiff or defendant from a state court are filed by the clerk, the plaintiff shall give security for costs. That besides the security for costs now required to be given at the commencement of an action at law or a suit in equity by the plaintiff therein. the clerk may require the party commencing such aetion or suit, or removing a cause into this court from a state court, and before docketing the same 01' issuing process therein, to deposit with the clerk $10.00 to cover the clerk's c-osts which may be paid by him in the prosecution of the cause; and if sald deposit shall at any time be exhausted by the party making the same, the clerk may from time to time require such party to deposit a further sum of $5.00. When the defendant In any action or suit in this court, or the party against whom such suit or action had been removed into the same, or any other party who is or seeks to become a party to any such action or suit enters his appearance or files any paper therein, the clerk may require of him to deposit $5.00 to cover the costs of clerk which may be made by him, and whenever the said sum Is exhausted the clerk may require the same to be renewed. Upon the determination of a cause, any sums deposited as aforesaid, and remaining in the hands of the clerk not applicable to the clerk's costs, of the party making the deposit, shall be returned by him to the party who made such deposit. The terms plaintiff, defendant and party as above used shall be taken as meaning all of the parties plaintiff when there are several, and all of the parties defendant when there are several; but if the intel'ests of several parties on one side are separate and diverse a special order regulating the deposit to be made by them shall be made by the court. "Dated St. Paul, Marob Brd, 1897. "Walter H. Sanborn, Circuit Judge."
The contention of the defendants is that under the terms of the first clause of this new rule, requiring that before a case is commenced, or any papers filed, "the plaintiff shall give security for costs," the plaintiff must give such securi1y for the benefit and protection of
COTTI:\"G
v.
KA:XSAS CITY STOCK-YARDS CO.
679
the defendant. Notwithstanding the generality of the language last quoted, which gives color to such contention, the difficulty is that, if such interpretation be allowed, the rule would be nugatory or defective in that respect, in that it does not indicate what secnrityshall be given to the defendant, either as to the amount or form. It clearly does not contemplate thart: it is a matter to be settled by the court on motion in every case, as it is required to be given before the case is begun or a paper filed. The only allowable construction is that these general words are limited, in their interpretation and scope, to the special provisions which follow in respect to the giving of security, by deposits of money, for the clerk's costs. The former rules 72 and 77, which were abrogated and replaced by this new rule, related entirely to the payment and security of costs and fees of the clerk; and the subject·matter of such new rule is evidently the same, and not other. The motion is therefore denied.
COTTING
T.
KANSAS CITY STOCK-YARDS CO. et aL HIGGINSON v. SAME. Aprll 12, 1897.)
(Circuit Court, D. Kansas, First Division. 1.
JURISDICTION OF FEDERAL COURTS-ENJOINING STATE OFFICERS.
A federal court has jurisdiction to enjoin a state officer from enforcing a law which is in violation of the constitution O'f the UnitA!d States. A state statute regulating stock yards is not objectionable, as class leg· islation, because it applies only to stock> yards doing a certain volume of business; it being uniform in its operation on all yards coming within the deslgnatA!d claSB. state legislature in Imposing rules and regulations for Its government.
2.
CONSTI'I'UTIONAL LAW-CLASS LEGISLATION.
3. SAME-REGULATION OF STOCK YARDS. The business of stock yards is of such a public nature as to justify a
4.
SAME-INTERSTATE COMMERCE.
The business of a stock-yards company does not come under the designation of "Interstate commerce," and is not exempt fr<;m state regulation merely because the yards of the company are located in two states, and it does business In both, though It is possible that, as to stock billed from one state to another, its business Is Interstate commerce, and to that ex· tent exempt from state regulation. A state statute regulating public stock yards, which limits the charge for yardage to one charge, and permits the owner of dead stock to dispose of it 'as he may please, Is not In substantial conflIct with the provisions of the act of congress of May 29, 1884, entitled "An act for the establishment of a bureau of animal Industry, and to prevent the exportation ot diseased cattle," as that act and the regulations thereunder, which are applicable only to cattle shipped from certain areas of country and at certain times, merely prescribe certain sanitary measures to be observed in such cases. Legislation which prevents a falr and reasonable return, the rights ot the public considered, for capital engaged In legitimate business, Is obnoxious to the constitution of the United States. But, to enable a court to determine what Is a fair and reasonable compensation, it must have before It all the facts, such as the cost, the present value of the property, receipts and expenditures, the manner of Its operation, etc.; and the
5. SAME.
6.
SAME-DEPRIVING CORPORATION OF FAIR COMPENSATION.