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79 FEDERAL REPORTER.
from its commencement to its. termination, and until the judgment should be satisfied; and that it authorized the courts to prescribe and regulate the conduct of the officer in the execution of final process, in giving effect to its judgment. And it was emphatically laid down that 'a general superintendence over this subject seems to be properly within the judicial province, and has always been so considered,' and that 'this provision enables the courts of the Union to make such improvements in its forms and modes of proceeding as experience may suggest.'" It thus appears that the constitutional character of the power under which the supreme court subsequently acted in making rule 67 was early the subject of discussion, that it was established, and that no jurisdictional question need now arise. Inasmuch as the validity of the power to appoint examiners to take testimony in another district and circuit, and of the power of the United States court within that other district to compel the witness to attend and take an oath before the examiner, is sustained by this inquiry, it seems proper to suggest that in the practical administration of this authority, and in the interest of economy, caution should be exercised not to grant too roving and unrestrained a commission to examiners to take testimony. The fear which was expressed in Arnold v. Chesebrough, 35 Fed. 16, lest these proceedings should become both unnecessary and expensive, is well founded. The order of the circuit court is affirmed, with costs. MAITLAND v. GIBSON. (Oircult Court, E. D. PennsylvanIa. January 22, 1897.) EQUITY PLEADING-ANCn,LAUY PUOCEEDING-ENFOUCING PAYMENT OF COSTBNOTICE.
In an equity suIt, where execution for costs has been issued against the plaintiff without avail, and it is sought to enforce payment from patents owned by him, this should be done by petition in the original suit; and if, Instead thereof, an original bill is filed, it may be treated as a dependent or ancillary proceeding, so that no subpcPna is necessary, and a mere notice of the filing of the bill and of an intended motion for injunction is sufficient.
Dyer & DriscoH, for plaintiff. Theodore F. Jenkins, for defendant. DALLA S, Circuit Judge. The person who is named as defendant in the present bill is in fact the plaintiff in this suit, in which he was decreed to pay costs amounting to $2,525.55. This fact is now alleged, and also that the ordinary process of execution for sat· isfaction of the said decree has been resorted to without avail, and that the said George Maitland has no property subject to execution at law, but is the owner of certain letters patent, which, "if sold, would realize some money which would go in partial or complete satisfaction of the said decree." An injunction to restrain assignment of these patents is prayed, and that they may be sold and the proceeds be applied to the payment of the costs heretofore adjudged to be paid by Maitland, and those arising under the present proceeding. The existence of the right asserted
MAITLAND V. GIBSON.
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seems to be unquestionable (Ager v. Murray, 105 U. S. 126); but as to the mode in which, in this case, it haa been prosecuted, r will have a word to say presently. The defendant (styled "plaintiff" in this bill) having for a preliminary injunction, counsel for the plaintiff in the orlgmal suit, upon leave granted, appeared only for the purpose of moving "to set aside the service of the bill," and such motion has accordingly been made and argued. It has been conceded that upon the fate of this latter motion the defendant's right to injunction is dependent, and hence the single question for solution is whether or not George Maitland is to be regarded as now before this court, and liable to be affected by any order it may make in the premises. If this bill should be viewed as the commencement of an independent suit, he certainly is not; for no subprena has been issued, or could be legally served, as Maitland is not an inhabitant of this district. If, however, this proceeding may correctly be treated as but a step taken in the original suit, then I have no doubt that the notice which has been given of the filing of the bill and of the intended motion for injunction is all that Maitland was entitled to. I think it was a mistake to put this application in the form of a bill, but, as no matter of substance will be affected by it, it is such an irregularity as a court of equity may disregard. It is true that in Ager v. Murray, supra, there was a similar bill; but the judgment to the satisfaction of which a patent right was there made liable was a judgment at law, and therefore a bill was requisite in order that the question which waa presented, namely, "whether a patent right may be ordered by a court of equity to be sold," etc. (page 127), might be regularly brought before such a tribunal for adjudication. In the present case, on the other hand, the judgment sought to be satisfied is a decree in equity; and this court, by virtue of the same equitable jurisdiction which it exereised in making that decree, is competent to pass the order which is now asked. Why, then, should there be a separate proceeding? I perceive no necessity for it, and the resort to a formal bill seems to me to be clearly at variance with the practice which prevails in all other cases where a merely incidental or auxiliary order in chanccry is desired. Consequently, I regard the present bill, not as an original bill invoking the general jurisdiction of the court in equity, but as an ancillary and dependent procedure, equivalent in effect and purpose to a petition in the original suit itself,-incident to and dependent upon it. Krippendorf v. Hyde, 110 U. S. 276-286, 4 Sup. Ct. 27. And, so regarding it, it seems to me to be clear that the question which has been made respecting its service is wholly without pertinency. Treating it as a petition in the suit to which it relates, the plaintiff in that suit is, of course, entitled to answer it, and to be heard upon it; but these rights he must exercise, if he desires to do so, upon notice merely, without subprena, and notwithstanding the fact that he is not an inhabitant of this district. By bringing his suit in this court, he voluntarily submitted himself to its jurisdiction, and he cannot escape from the consequences of its adverse decree by asserting that he is no longer amenable to its
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process. l' have found no decided case in which the facts and circumstances were the same as those with which I have been called upon to deal; but, while I am aware of no authority which contlicts with the views I have expressed, there are several in addition to those already cited which I think tend to support them: Lamb v. Ewing, 12 U. S. App. 11, 4 C. C. A. 320, and 54 Fed. 269; Logan v. Patrick, 5 Cranch, 288; Walden v. Craig, 14 Pet. 147155; Freeman v. Howe, 24 How. 450; Minnesota Co. v. St. Paul Co., 2 Wall. 6(}9; Ward v. Todd, 103 U. S.327; Gumbel v. Pitkin, 124 U. S. 131-146, 147, 8 Sup. Ct. 379. 1. 'f'be motion of Alfred C. Gibson for a preliminary injunction is granted. 2. The motion of George Maitland to "set aside the service of the bill" is dismissed. JACK v. WALKER, Auditor, et a!. (Circuit Court, S. D. Ohio, W. D. March 18, 1897.) 1. TAXATIO:" OF MORTGAGES IN HANDS OF AGENT OF NOKRESJDENT.
Debts owned by a nonresident of the state of Ohio, evidenced by notes and mortgages upon real estate within the state, are not taxable there, under Rev. St. Ohio, §§ 2731, 2734, 2735, although the notes and mortgages are In the hands of a resident agent, who made the loans, and collects and remits principal and Interest as they become due. A mortgage, being a mere chose In action, follows the person of the owner, and is taxable only In the state In which he resides.
2.
Paxton, Warrington & Boutet, for complainant. Milton Clark and Brown, Brandon & Burr, for respondents. SAGE, District Judge. The complainant, a citizen of New York, sues to enjoin the defendants from placing upon the tax duplicate of Warren county, Ohio, the sum of $297,794 of moneys and credits belonging to complainant, being the aggregate of promissory notes secured by mortgages given to complainant upon real estate within said county in the years 1889, 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, and 1894 for loans made by him through George W. Carey, his agent; and from adding thereto 50 per cent. penalty,-that is to say, $148,897,-making the total of $446,691, upon which the defendants threaten to illegally assess taxes against the complainant. The defendants set up in their answer that the moneys and credits mentioned and specified in the bill were, in the years named, invested, loaned, and controlled by said agent, who was, during all of said years, a resident of said county and state; and that none of them have at any time been listed for taxation either by complainant or by said agent. Further answering, they say: . "That the B'tatntes of the state of Ohio provide that every person of full age and soun(l mind, residing within said state, shall list for taxation all moneys invested, loaned, or otherwise controlled by him as agent, or on aecount of any other person or persons whatsoever, in the county In which such agent would be required to list the same If such property were his own."
Complainant. excepts for insufficiency. Section 2734 of the Re· vised Statutes of Ohio provides that every person of full age and