HOLMES V. HURST.
757'
tion, and harmonized, if possible, so as to maKe a consistent whole. To give to the section in question the construction which appellant claims for it would, as we have already shown, be inconsistent with the history and general policy of the tariff legislation of this country and repugnant to various provisions of the existing revenue laws. To construe the words "withdrawn for consumption" as intended to apply to the provisi()ns of the previous revenue acts allowing goods to be "withdrawn for consumption" within three years makes it consistent, and such, we believe, was the intention of congress. Attorney General Olney, in a letter dated January 17, 1895, to the secretary of the treasury, with reference to rates of duty chargeable on certain goods which were originally imported while the pr()visions of the McKinley tariff act ()f 1890 were still in force, but remained in the custody of the government until after the passage of the Wilson tariff act of 1894, expressed views which we believe to be correct and directly applicable here. He said that, by the express language of section 1 of the act of 1894: "The new rates apply, not to all warehoused goods, as by section 50 of the act of 1890, but only to 'articles [thereafter] Imported from foreign countries, or withdrawn for consumption.' The latter clause should be construed with the prior legislation above quoted, so as to constitute a harmonious whole. In my opinion, therefore, goods imported and entered for warehouse prior to the act of 1894, and not withdrawn for consumption within three years from the date of original importation, are unaffected by the new rates of duty; and the 'duties' mentioned In section 2972 of the· Revised Statutes are the duties to which they were previously subject, whatever be the construction to be put upon this section in other respects. My opinion applies, not only to goods Imported within three years before the act of 1894 took effect, but to all goods theretofore imported and then subject to the tariff rates of 1890."
For the reasons herein given we are of opinion that the contention of the appellee is correct. The judgment of the circuit court is affirmed. with ·costs. HOLMES v. HURST. (Circuit Court,
:ID. D. New York. November 6, 11:>96.)
COPYRIGHT-SERIAL PUBLICATION.
An author cannot acquire copyright of a literary work which bas been published serially in a magazine, under a contract by which the pUblishers were to have no other right to It, unless previous to such publication he has taken the steps necessary to secure a copyright.
This was a suit by the plaintiff, as executor of Oliver Wendell Holmes, against George D. Hurst, upon an alleged copyright. Rowland Cox, for plaintiff. Andrew Gilhooly, for defendant. WHEELER, District Judge. This suit is brought by the plaintiff, as executor of Oliver Wendell Holmes, upon an alleged copyright by the testator as author of "The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table," the validit.y of which is denied because of prior publication. As the work was written, parts of it which would make
758
76 FEDERAL RlllPOR'1'lllR.
the whole were printed and circulated successively as a part of the Atlantic Monthly, published by Phillips, Samson & Co., in Boston, under contract with the testator by which they were to have that and no other right to it. The proceedings for this copyright were begun afterwards. The counsel for the plaintiff insists that this serial publication of parts as written was not an abandonment of, and would not cut off, what was left to him by his contract with those publishers, which would be the right to copyright the whole work. The common-law right of the author to control giving out his work would cover this contract for serial publication; and, if his statutory right would still be left, that argument would seem to be sound. The statutory copyright seems to be divisible as the holder pleases. Publishing Co. v. Monroe, 19 C. C. A. 429, 73 Fed. 196. And if the right to copyright is also divisible, without having the exercise of the right to a part destroy the right to the remainder, the argument would further appear to be sound. But, if the exercise of the common-law right amounts to a publication, it. will, under the law, cut off the statutory right, unless the necessary steps are taken to keep it. And, also, if the right to the statutory privilege of obtaining a copyright is so exercised as to amount to a publication, the remainder of the right will be destroyed, unless the required steps are taken to preserve that. That what was done with each part amounts to a publication of that part in the Atlantic Monthly is not, and could not well be, questioned. Each, when so published, was gone into the free literature of the world, and could not be taken back into control; and all, when so published, would be so gone. Anyone could freely use each part after it had so come out, and could so freely use all parts separately or together after all had so come out. 'An inventor may keep his right to a patent so long as his invention is kept out of public use, and from on sale, and lor two years more, but not longer; but no time after publication is left for a copyright to an author. And there is no qualification in the statute as to the kind of publication, whether in whole at a time or by piecemeal; what is published anyhow is gone out of the author's reach. Such appears to have been the opinion of Judge Jenkins, in Holmes v. Donohue, 77 Fed. 179, heard after this cage was submitted. Bill dismissed.
BUCK'S S'rOVlll & RANGE
co.
v. KIECHLE et at.
(Circuit Court, D. Indiana. October 23, 1896.) No. 9,363. 1'RADE·:MARK-UNFAIR COMPETITION.
One who makes stoves and ranges with white enamel lining on the Inside of the doors, In the similitude of those long manufactured and sold by another, with the fraudulent purpose and result of palming them off upon the trade and public as the manufacture of such other, may be enjoined, whether such white enamel lining constitutes a trade-mark or not.