786
FEDERAL REPORTER,
vol. 58.
in producing "a double bar pedal, havingrotable bars constructed with working faces, made wide enough to secure the leverage required to malre them turn and respond to the ever-changing inclination of the sole of the rider's boot, for which they together form a depressed grip or hold." This advance was an improvement, inasmuch as, the wide faces being inclined towards each other, the sole of the boot is let down between' them, and a depressed foothold is formed; but when the partial foothold upon the fluted or corrugated round rubber pedal was known, and the rider wanted a better support for the foot, it was a matter of simple and mechanical suggestion to make the working faces wider, and produce the polygonal or the rectangular faces of the patented invention. After the use of the old fluted or corrugated double rotary pedals, with their narrow and partially rounded faces, which were not wide enough to secure the proper leverage, the broadening or widening of the working surfaces was a suggestion which was mOst natural, and did not rise to the dignity of invention. The vital question in this case is presented with approximate accllracyupon the face of the patent, and does not depend upon controverted questions Qf fact. This court has, therefore, been at liberty, in accordance with its statement of the weight to be given to a prior adjudication upon an appealed order for a preliminary injunction, (American Paper Pail & Box Co. v. National Folding Box' & Paper Co., 2 C. C. A. 165, 51 Fed. 229,) to re-examine the former adjudication, and dispose of the question in accordance with its oWtlconvictions. The order of the circuit court is reversed, with costs.
OARY MANUF'G 00. v. DE HAYEN. (Olrcult Oourt, E.D. New York. 1. December 7, 1893.) PATENTS-INVENTION-ANTICIPATION-Box STRAPS.
The Oary patent, No. 403,178, for a box strap, composed of a metal band having a series of bosses of the same shape, raised in the band on each side, equidistant ,from each other, so that in splicing those on the under piece will fit into those on the upper piece, and strengthen the joint, shows Invention, and was not anticipated...
2.
SAME-,PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION.
A prior adjudication sustaining the patent is not an absolute prerequisite to granting a preliminary injunction; and while the right thereto should be clear, It may be made to appear otherwise than by a judgment or decree.
In Equity. Bill by the Cary Manufacturing Company against Hugh De Haven for infringement of a patent. On motion for preliminary injunction. Granted. A. G.N. Vermilya, for plaintiff. W. C. Hauff, for defendant. WHEELER, District Judge. This Imit is brought upon patent No. 403,178, dated May 14, 1889, and granted to Spencer C. Cary
COLUMBIA CHEMICAL WORKS V. RUTHERFORD.
787
for a box strap, composed of a metal band having a series of bosses of the same shape raised in the band on each side, equidistant from each other each way, so that, in splicing, those on the under piece will fit into those of the upper piece, and strengthen the joint; and has been heard on a motion for a preliminary injunction. The defendant admits making and selling box straps which clearly contain Cary's patented invention, although the bosses are shaped differently from those shown in the drawings, but brings forward patent No. 59,097, dated October 23, 1866, and granted to Henry C. Tweddle, for barrel hoops, with bosses to prevent them from slipping off; No. 171,882, dated January 4, 1876, and granted to Robert Stokes for a stud fastening for busks, having a head raised in the metal; No. 349,150, dated September 14, 1866, and granted to Ira S. Elkins, for a box strap having bosses with a depression in the center for the nail head; and No. 367,892, dated August 9, 1889, and granted to John K. Chase, for a box strap having single bosses fitting together to help make a joint; and various manufactures having raised bosses for various purposes, made before Cary's invention, against the validity of the plaintiff's patent. While several of these things point in the direction of Cary's invention, none of them has his arrangement of a series of bosses in the metal equidistant from each other, so as to interlock whenever necessary in forming a joint; and his patent appears to have been acquiesced in by others engaged in that manufacture and trade until the defendant infringed. The defendant insists, however, that a preliminary injunction should not be granted until the plaintiff's patent has been established by an adjudication. But this is not absolutely necessary; the right should be clear, but it may be made to appear so otherwise than by a judgment or decree. Blount v. Societe, etc., 3 C. C. A. 455, 53 Fed. 98. This invention is not great, but the right to it, such as it is, and the infringement, seem to be clear. An injunction will not deprive the defendant of anything else. Motion granted. COLUMBIA CHEMICAL WORKS v. RUTHERFORD et at (Circuit Court, E. D. New York. December 6, 1893.) 1. PATENTS-LIMITATION-INFRINGEMENT-AMMONIACAL DETERGENTS.
The fundamental idea of the Parsons patent. No. 267,455, for ammoniacal detergent compounds, is a thorough drying of the ammoniacal salts and of all other ingredients before they are mixed, so that no chemical action can take place whereby the ammouia will be set free; and there is no infringement if the ingredients are mixed in their ordinary state. The Parsons patent, No. 382,322, is limited by specific disclaimer to an ammoniacal deterg'ent containing ammoniacal salts, saponaceous bodies, and alkali additional thereto, and is not infringed. by a detergent which contains no additional alkali. The discovery of a method of utilizing the detergent properties of ammonia in a successful commercial compound,-a result long vainly sought
SAME-LIMITATION-DISCLAIMER.
8.
SAME-INVENTION.