352
FEDERAL REPORTER·.
that, for sorne 'occult and unfathomable reason, the inventive faculty was .calledinto being because the flanged bottom happened to be covered with a separable sheet tin lining, and, in that condition, was placed in a shell lined in a similar manner. This position cannot be maintained. ,.It is thought that it is impossible, in view of the repeated admonitions <If the supreme court upon this subject, to sustain the patent. The bill is dismissed.
TuTTLE
et ale
'11. GARVER.
«(Jircuit (Jourt, N. D. New York. January 11, 1888.) PATENTS FQR INVENTIONS-:-!>RIOR USE-HARROWS.
Upon the consideration of the evidence in this case; upon the question of alleged prior use, held, that the Willett harrow did not anticipate the Garver harrow, so as to invalidate the patent, '
In Equity. Bill for injunetion. Actiortfor infringement of letters patent by Richard D. Tuttle and Sylvester Garver, defendant. otherscomplainants, Charlefl H:' Duell, for complainants. Daniel L. BentOn, for defendant. CoXE, J.The only question'3 now argued are those relati'(lg to the alleged prior use by Elijah P. Willett at Collins, Erie county, New York. The principal controversy having been so frequently the subject of judicial decision is" quite properly, regarded by both parties as no 'longer open to discussion in the circuit court. Reed V. Chase, 25 Fed. Rep. 94:, and 29 Fed. Rep. 915. The evidence bearing upon the present issue was presented to the court upon a reargument of the principal cause, before Judges J ACKSO:N' and SEVERENS in the Western district' of Michigan, (32 Fed. Rep. 228,) and was fully considered by them. It is unnecessary to enter upon an extended discussion of this testimony, as I concur in what was said regarding it in the' opinion then delivered. The Willett harrow, if it existed, was not the Garver harrow. It follows that there must bell. decree for the complainants.
TuTTLE et al. fl. BAKER. SAME ". EASTERLY. SAME fl. LINGERFELTER. MARTIN. SAME fl. PHILLIPS. SAME fl. STADY. SAME fl. STARKS. WRIGHT.
SAME fl. SAHB fl.
(Oircuit (Jourt, N. D. New York. Oharlea H. Duell, for complainants. Daniel L. Benton, for defendant.
January 11,1888.)
COXE, J. Counsel having stipulated that these causes should abide the event of the action against Sylvester Garver, and the court having directed a decree for the complainants in that cause, it follows that a similar decree should be entered in 'ach of the above-entitled actions.
LOOMIS
V.
NEW YORK
&
CLEVELAND GAS COAL
00.
353.
LOOMIS et ale
'V.
NlJ:W YORK & CLEVELAND GAS COAL CO. January 4,1888.)
(Circuit (Jourt, No D. N(JUJ York.
REMOVAL OF CAUSES-CITIZENSHIP-ACT OF MARCH
3,1887. A 'suit brought in the supreme court of New York by a citizen of that state agaInst a Pennsylvania corIJoration, was remo.ved, on the defendant's motion, to the circuit court of the United States, under the removal act of March 3, 1887. Held, that the removal was authorized by the statute, the defendant not being a residen.t of New York, and a motion to remand to the state court must be denied; following Fales v. Railway (Jo., 32 Fed. Rep. 673.
At Law. Motion to remand cause to state court. Ansley Wilcox, for plaintiffs. George J. Sicard, for defendant. COXE, J. The plaintiffs are citizens of New York, residing at Buffalo, in this district. The defendant is a corporation organized under the laws of Pennsylvania. The action was commenced in the supreme court of this state in April of the present year. The defendant appeared and removed the cause to this court. The plaintiffs now move to remand, upon the ground that under the provisions of the act of Maroh 3, 1887, thi.s court has no jurisdiction, the defendant being a citizen of Pennsylvania. It will be seen that the motion involves the precifle question passed upon in the following causes: County of Yuba V. Mining .Co., 32 Fed. Rep. 183;Falea V. Railway Co., Id, 673; Telegraph Co. v. Brown, Id. 337. In the California case jurisdiction Wl1S denied by Judge SAWYER, the decision being concurred in by Mr. Justice FIELD and Judge SABIN. In the Iowa and Illinois cases jurifldiction was sustained by Judges SHIRAS. and GRESHAM, respectively, and in the Missouri case the views expressed by Judge BREWER make it quite clear that he is in accord w.ith the latter construction. The adverse views as to the true interpretation,. of the. indeterminate language of the act of 1887 are fully and ably sented by these decisions. It is thought that no argument which isnot a recapitulation of what has been already said can De contributed to the controversy on either side. Suffice it is to say that, after a careful examination of the statute, in the light of these decisions, I am to adopt the view that the court has jurisdiction, and that the cause should be retained. The statute should, if possible, be so construed as to give vitality to every part, and this has, it is thought, been successfully accomplished by Judge SHIRAS in the Falea O:zse, supra. To the able argument there presented I have nothing to add. I am authorized to say that the same opinion is entertained by Judges WALLACE and LACOMBE. The motion to remand must be denied. v.33F.no.6-23