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FEDERAL REPORTER.
PACIFIO RAILROAD V. MISSOURI PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY
and otllers. (Circuit Court, E. D. Mi88ouri. --,1880.)
tors and attorneys of persons before the court in the former suit is of no validity, until an application to the court has first been made, setting forth the circumstances which render such service proper, and an order obtained from the court directing that service be made, and that such service, when made, should answer as a substitute for actual service on the parties so represented by the attorneys or solicitors.
Motion to vacate service of process. Glover d; Shepley, for complainant. Melville C. Day, for defendants. MILLER, C. J., (orally.) The case in which the motion is made that we are about to decide is a suit brought in the circuit court of the United States for the eastern district of Missouri, to set aside a decree and sale of the Missouri Pacific Railroad, made upon a proceeding to foreclose a mortgage upon that road. In addition to the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company, and some persons who were also parties in that suit, the present bill makes parties of the purchasers at the sale, and several other individuals who were not parties to the former suit. Some of these are not citizens or residents of the state of Missouri, and have not been found witllin the district. The subpamas were issued, and, in some cases, services had on these persons in the state of New York, and in the state of New Jersey; and service has also been made, without any previous authorization of the court, on the attorneys and solicitors in the former suit of some of the defend· ants ill the present suit. The motion is to vacate and set aside all these services. The argument, by which it is endeavored to support the service of process upon persons ,..ithout the district, is that
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the present suit is one that iaauxiIiaryto the former. suit in which the decree of foreclosure was had j that it is so far merely a continuation of that suit j and that it is not a newaud.' originalsuit in the sense that requires process to be restricted to those who have the requisite citizenship in ordinary suite in the federal courts. It may be conceded for the purposes of this motion that it is to a certain extent auxiliary to the original foreclosure suit, and that proceedings to set aside that decree, and to set aside also the sale of the railroad under that decree, can only be instituted in the circuit court of the United States in whichtha.t.decree was rendered. But it also .partakes so far of the nature of an original suit that the parties who are here contesting service of this process cannot be brought before the court by anything short of a subpoonain c;"ancery; and cannot be compelled to answer and respond to the allegations of the present bill in any other mode than in the mode usually adopted in original chancery bills. The argument that in such a case as this a subpoona in chancery can be issued so as to run beyond the territorial limits of the jurisdiction of the court, and be validly served beyond that jurisdiction, ovel'looks two important propositions: 1. It is of the essence of the power and jurisdiction of all courts that their process is of no validity beyond the territory in which the court sits and to which its jurisdiction extends. If, therefore, there is no other statute on the subject than simply that the circuit court of the United States for the eastern district of Missouri shall have jurisdiction co-extensive with the limits of the district, it would follow logically from this limitation upon the inherent power of all courts that its process shall be of no validity beyond its territorial lines. There is nothing in any statute of the United States that gives to the process of the circuit court of the United States, in a civil case, any power to bring a party within the jurisdiction of that court when he is not in and cannot be served within the limits of the territory. 2. On the contrary, section 739 of the Revised Statutes, which represents the law as it has been ever since 1789, pro-
774
videa "that no civil suit shall be brought before either of said courts [meaning the circuit and district courts of the United States] against any inhabitants of the United States by any original process in any other district than that in which he is an inhabitant, or in which he is found at the time of serving the writ." The ex.ception to that found in the same section is in suits of a local nature, in a state which contains more than one district, the process may run to any point within the state. Section 738 of the Revised Statutes declares that "when any defendant in a suit in equity, to enforce any legal or equitable lien or claim against real or personal property within the district where the suit is brought, is not an inhabitant of nor found within the said district, and does not voluntarily appear thereto, it shall be lawful for the court to make an order directing such absent defendant to appear, plead, answer, or demur to the complainant's bill, at a certain day, to be therein designated;" and the statute then proceeds that the court may direct service of this order by publication, or by actual personal service on the party. But this section does not authorize the issuance of the process, either of summons or subpama in chancery, to be served beyond the limits of the jurisdiction of the court. And the present case derives no aid from it if it did, because this is not a suit to enforce any legal or equitable lien or claim against real or personal property. These very exceptions, however, to the general rule of law, that the process of a court does not ex.tend beyond its territorial limits, and to the statute, which requires that no suit shall be brought against any person in any other district than that of which he is an inhabitant or found at the time of serving the writ, go themselves to prove the strength and extent of the rule of limitation. We are of opinion, therefore, that there is no law which permits a subprena in chancery to issue on the present bill, to whoever it may be directed, to be served upon a party who is neither an inhabitant of the state of Missouri, nor found within the district in which the suit is pending. As regards the subprenas served on solicitors and attorneys
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of persons before the court in the former suit, the course of procedure in such cases has been well settled by the former practice of the court; and that is that, before such service can be of any validity, an application to the court must be made setting forth the circumstances which render such a service on the attorney or solicitor proper, and the order obtained from the court directing that service be made, and that such service, when made, shall answer as a substitute for actual service on the party so represented by the attorney. The motion, therefore, to vacate the service of prooess in all these cases is granted.
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LOUISVILLE ROAD
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(Circuit Oourt, M. D. TennessetJ. --,1880.) 1. RAILROAD-DELIVERy-INJUNCTION.-Complainants bought a lot contiguous to defendant's depot, in Nashville, and fitted up a stock yard thereon, at considerable expense. There was no express contract between complainants and the defendant in relation to the matter, but it was clear that such yard was a convenience to the defendant's business. By the permission or acquiescence of defendant, complainants' yard was connected with defendant's road by appropriate stock gaps and pens. After the same had been in use by both parties for more than 12 years the defendant entered into a contract with the Union Stock. Yard Company for the erection of a stock yard in the city of Nash. ville, outside the city limits, and more than a mile distant from complainant's yard; and said defendant, among other things, agreed that it would establish no other stock-yard in Nashville, and that it would deliver, and cause to be delivered, to the said Union Stock-Yard Company, al11ive stock shipped over its road, and consigned to the city of Nashville j and that it would make the stock yard of the said company its stock depot for said city, and would not deliver at any other point points of the city, but agreed to deliver all stock shipped to the city of Nashville at the yards of the said Union Stock-Yard Company. Uomplainants, having been accordingly notified that no more stock would be delivered to them at their yard after a specified date, filed their bill, in which they prayed for an injunction to restrain" defendant's agents and officers and servants from interfering with or in any manner disturbing the enjoyment and faeilities now afforded to complainants by said defendant upon its lines of railway, for the transac-
or