DUQUESNE NAT. BANK V. IIILLS.
611
so to use its tracks. Although pedestrians, or the public generally, travel over them without objection, people go there at their own risk. and, as said by the supreme court of Massachusetts, "enjoy the license subject to the perils." Gaynor v. Old Colony R. Co. 100 Mass. 208.· If the collision had occurred while Mrs. Thomley was on the right of way below on Fourth street, she undoubtedly would have been guilty of contributory negligence, and could not recover. Was she free from negligence because Fourth street had been reached and she had just passed the line of the street when killed? I have considered this evidence carefully, giving it full weight, and am forced to the conclusion by the facts and the law applicable thereto, that she was guilty of contributory negligence. She had reached a dangerous posi. tion upon the street, which resulted in her death and that of the child. It was voluntarily assumed. She placEld herself in a position of danger by walking up the tracks of the defendant, in front of an approaching car, in full view of her. If she had passed to the left of the low embankment, thrown up by the defendant in grading for the new track, she would have escaped all danger; but she passed on, without taking heed of the approaching car, and met her death. While a railroad company is held to the highest degree of care in operating its road, and is liable for all injuries that result solely from a failure to exercise such care, persons who take the risk and perils of traveling upon railway tracks, and are thus brought into dangerouB positions, voluntarily assumed, are not free from fault, and if injury results therefrom the company is not liable. In the case of Mary Thomley the motion will be granted. In the case of the administrator of the child, Anna Thomley, against the railroad company, the negligence of the mother being imputed to the child, bars a recovery in that case.
DUQUESNE NAT. BANK OF PITTSBURGH,
for use, etc., v. and others. 1
MILLS,
Br··
((Ji1'cuit Oourt, W D. PennsylfJania.
COSTS-SCIRE FACIAS.
If the defendant in a scire facias pay the debt and interest before plea pleaded or demurrer joined, there can Le no judgment against him for costs. SAME-EXECUTION AGAINST SURVIVING PARTNER- LIAHiLITY OF ESTATE OF DECEASED PARTNER.
An execution was issued against. one member of a firm as surviving partner of a firm debt. Held, to be good as respects him and firm property in his . hands, but a nullity as respects the individual estate of the dect:&3ed partner, and costs incurred on the writ could not be levied immediately on his estate. To bind the decedent's estate for these costs his personal representatives must be brought in, pursuant to section 33 of act February 24, 1834. 1From the Pittsburgh Legal Journal.
612 Stipulation:
REFORTEB.
PITTSBURGH, July 26, 1883. The death of Isaac Mills, Sr., one of the defendants, on the - - day of January, 1880, is hereby suggested, and it is agreed that his administrators, "Isaac Mills, Jr., Charles Mills, and James K. Mills, appear as if to a scire facias under the thirty-third section Qf act'of February 24, 1834, relating to executors and administrators. P. L. 73.
Pleas filed July 31, 1883: The defendants named in the said writ of scire facias, Isaac Mills, Jr., Charles Mills, and James K. Mills, administrators of all, etc., of the said Isaac Mills, Sr., for plea thereunto, and for the purpose of showing cause against the issuing of execution against the goods and chattels, etc., of their said intestate, do say that on the - - day of July, A. D. 1B83, there was tendered on their behalf to the said plaintiff and accepted by him the sum of $381.87, which sum is the full amount of debt, interest, and costs accrued upon said judgment, except the amount of the costs incurred on the writ ofjlerifacias at No. 19, May term, 18B2, last issued, which writ was sued out after the death of the said intestate, and this they are ready to verify. And for further plea in this behalf they say that the said writ so issued as aforesaid, after the death of said intestate, was sued out and used by the plaintiff for the sale purpose of perfecting said plaintiff's title or claim to certain real estate levied on thereunder, and not for the purpose of collecting the debt, interest, and costs of said judgment, and was i.n fact so used and controlled by said plaintiff for his private purpose aforesaid; that nothing was realized thereon, though there would have heen a large enough sum made to pay the said costs in full if the said plaintiff had not stayed the said writ. And the said defendants aver that they have paid in full unto the said plaintiff all the debt, interest, and costs due under said judgment, except the costs of the said writ of fieri facias, and this they are ready to verify. Wherefore, they pray jUdgment if said plaintiff ought to have execution of the aforesaid goods and chattels, etc.
. Demurrer of plaintiff, filed July 31, 18g3: (1) H. W. Weir, to the first plea pleaded to this scire facias, demurs, etc.; and fo\: demurrer, etc., says: (2) The second plea pleaded by the defendants is hereby traversed and denied, and the statement of facts contained in Exhibit A is to be taken as the evidence upon which the second plea is to be determined.
Statement of facts agreed upon by counsel: The last fieri facias, No. 19, May term, 1882, was levied on land which had been sold by the sheriff under a judgment, the lien of which had been continued and revived against the recorded title of John Nichols alone, after the other defendants in this present judgment, then his copartners in the Youghiogheny Cement Company, had acquired from him interest in said land. James A. Dick purchased the land at said sale. The present jndgment was a junior lien at time of said sale. HaVing become the assignee of this judgmeui;, Mr. Dick caused the appearance of Messrs. Weir & Gibson to be entered for him. Mr. Dick came to the sale advertised under said writ accompanied by Mr. Weir. The notices tacked to the writ were read before the bidding began. Mr. Dick first bid $50. Isaac Mills, Jr., bid (say) $100, and J.M.Miller bid (say) $110. Whereupon the writ was stayed as indorsed. It is not den:,d that prior to the issuing of the last writ Mr. Dick had asIligned the present jUdgment to Mr. H. W. Weir, one of the attorneys whose appearance is entered for Mr. Dick.
DUQUESNE
BANK V. MILLS.
6T3
Mr. Weir denies the inference from these facts that the jlertj'aclas was used to perfect the title of Mr. Dick to said land, but maintains that it Wll$ only used to try to collect the debt and costs out of partnership assets. H. W. Weir, for plaintiff. W. Macrum, contra. ACHESON, J. 1. It was held in McCoy v. Loughery, 11 Phila. 302, (per LUDLOW, P. J .,) that if the defendant in a scire facias pay the
debt and interest before plea pleaded or demurrer joined, there can be no judgment against the defendant for costs. That seems to be a well-considered case, and the principle there maintained would defeat tbe judgment sought in this case, for here the debt and interest, and all costs save those upon aliasfi. fa. No. 19, May term, 1882, were paid before the present proceeding was instituted. 2. The execution against John Nichols, surviving partner, alone, without a previous scire facias to bring in the administrators of Isaac Mills, Sr., deceased, was, I think, regular as respects Nichols, and it may be conceded that firm property in the hands of Nichols might have been seized and sold on that execution; but, so far as concerns the individual estate of the decedent, the execution was a nullity, (Cadmus v. Jackson, 52 Pa. St. 306,) and it is certain that the costs incurred upon that writ could not have been immediately levied of the decedent's individual estate. It would seem, therefore, to follow logically that the decedent's estate in the hands of his administrators not be reached for those costs through the medium of a scire facias quare execution non. If the plaintiff intended to charge those costs against Mills'individual estate he should, before suing out execution, have brought in the personal representatives, pursuant to section 33 of the act of the twenty-fourth of February, 1834, (Purd. 425, pI. 101.) 3. The admitted facts fairly established the truth of the second plea. James A. Dick, the equitable plaintiff of record, had, indeed, assigned the judgment to Mr. Weir, his counsel; but the relation of the latter to him justifies the inference (in the absence of any evidence to the contrary) that the assignment was in the interest of Mr. Dick. Now it may have been entirely proper for Mr. Dick to seek to perfect his title in the manner attempted, but it would hardly be just to cast the expen8es attending the experiment upon the individual estate of Isaac Mills, Sr., deceased, whose personal representatives bad not been forewarned by scire facias. Upon the whole, I am of opinion that the plaintiff is not entitled to judgment against the administrators of Isaac Mills, deceased, for the costs in question. And now, September 5, 1883, it is ordered and adjudged that the plaintiff ought not to have execution of the goods and chattels, etc., of Isaac Mills, Sr., deceased, etc., and that judgment be entered for the administrators of said decedent upon their pleas, etc.
614: CRANSTON 11.
FEDERAL nEPORTEB.
A
CARGO OF Two HUNDRED AND FIFTY TONS OF COAL.
(DiBtriet Oourt, D. New Jer8ey. 1.
December 26, 1884.)
SHIPPING-LIEN FOR FREIGHT-UNCONDITIONAL DELIVERY OF CARGO.
A ship-owner's or a master's lien for his freight depends upon his detention of the goods until the payment is made. and if he delivers them to the CODsignee voluntarily, and without notice that he looks to them for the freight and charges against them,he loses all right to enforce a lien upon them by a proceeding in rem. BETWEEN DISCHARGE AND DELIVERY OF CARGO.
2.
There is a difference in law between the discharge of a cargo and its delivery. It may be discharged, but caunot be delivered, unconditionally, without divestlng the vessel's lien thereon for freight or demurrag.e. SAME-BURDEN OF PROOF.
3.
Whl\n the cargo has been delivered, the burden of proof is on the libelant seeking to enforce a lien thereon to show that the delivery was not absolute, but qualified by some condition. '
4. SAME-EVIDENCE-LIBEL DISMISSED. Upon examination of the evidence, held, that the freight in the case at bar was delivered without conditions, and that as the consignee has paid the owner its full value before the libel was filed, he was entitled to hold the cargo discharged of the lieu.
Libel in rem. On the twenty-eighth of .June, 1883, one Oscar Compton, agent, gave a written order to Messrs. Kurtz, Cook & Co. to load the boat T. A. Buckley, of which the above-named libelant was master, with 250 tons of Scranton pea coal, freight 16 cents per ton along-side, captain to hold guy, and three dollars per day, after five fair lay days, for any term not exceeding 30 days, not counting day reporting, Sundays, or holidays; the captain agreeing to tow his boat to any safe place required, to discharge, without extra charge for freight,-the shipper paying the extra towing, if any. The boat being loaded at Hoboken on the next day, the captain signed bills of lading in triplicate, dated June 29, 1883, to the effect that the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western. Railroad had shipped at Hoboken, New Jersey, aboard of his boat, 250 tons of Scranton coal, which was to be delivered to the said Kurtz. Cook & Co., New York, at the rate of 16 cents per ton, along-side. He reported on the same or on the next day, to Kurtz, Cook & Co., that the cargo was on, and that he was ready for orders. They told him that they had no orders to give, as he had been loaded in pursuance of an order from Oscar Compton, to whom he must report. He found Compton at his office, 111 Broadway, New York, on the same day, and was told to remain at Hoboken with the cargo, whiClJ was a market load, until he had secured a purchaser for the samE>. He subsequently received an order from Compton to deliver the coal to the Standard Chemical Company's works, at Twemley Point, New Jersey, which order, after considerable delay, was complied with. The T. A, Buckley reached the wharf of the consignee on August 3d, and the cargo was discharged on the 8th. The captain